Briefly about gasoil
Diesel fuel or gas oil is commonly used as fuel for diesel engines and heating systems. Its hydrocarbon range is around 250 degrees Celsius. Gas oil is primarily composed of three groups with different boiling points: paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic. It has a minimum flash point of 82 degrees Celsius and maximum pour point of 0 degrees Celsius. The most important characteristic is its density, which should be higher than 50 to ensure smooth and quiet engine operation.
One measure used to indicate the ignition delay in diesel engines is the Cetane number. This number represents the time delay between the start of fuel injection into the combustion chamber and the start of fuel combustion. A lower ignition delay leads to more uniform combustion. The minimum Cetane number for gas oil should be 50. The Cetane number depends on the production process of the gas oil, with higher Cetane numbers indicating better combustion quality.
Here are some applications of gas oil:
- Lighting: Gas oil is used for illumination and as a fuel for signaling with the help of flames. Its higher flash point (above 35 degrees Celsius) makes it safe from a fire safety perspective.
- Fuel: Gas oil is commonly used as fuel in tractors, agricultural machinery, and as a power source in some aircraft turbines and jet engines.
Commercial diesel fuel in the country is mainly produced by blending various oil and gas products obtained from atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, isomax gas oil, atmospheric distillation of white oil, and different grades of naphtha in refineries. To improve the combustion quality and reduce environmental pollutants, the sulfur content, nitrogen compounds, aromatics, density, boiling point, and carbon residue of gas oil need to be reduced. The characteristics of the gas oil depend on the crude oil feedstock.